Education Subject

Product Layout क्या होता हैं पुरे विस्तार से जाने यहाँ मेरे साथ ? Product Layout  जो कम्पनी एक ही जगह पर पूरा काम करके सामान उपयोग के लिए बना देता है उसे हम Product Layout कह सकते हैं product layout में एक से ज्यादा मशीन लगाए जाते है जो की कर्मचारी को पहली बार पहले मशीन में Raw Materials को डाल देना होता हैं और फिर मशीन अपने आप काम करती हैं उस मशीन का काम हो जाने के बाद दूसरे मशीन में खुद जला जाता हैं उसी प्रकार से मशीन लगाए जाते हैं इससे काम में भी जल्दी होता है और कर्मचारी भी कम लगते हैं  जैसा की आप समझ गए होंगे की इसमें सभी मशीन बहुत विचार करने के बाद लगाया जाता है जिससे एक मशीन से सामान निकले और दूसरे मशीन में काम चालू हो जायेगा आप कोई मशीन लगाए फिर पहले मशीन से जहा सामान निकलता हैं वहां से दूसरा मशीन लगाया जाता हैं  इसमें production हमेसा होता रहता है अगर आप Textile Industry देखे होंगे तो आपको समझ में आएगा क्युकी उसमे हमेशा काम होता रहता हैं ये मशीन दो कर्मचारी अलग अलग समय पर चलते है एक कर्मचारी 12 घण्टे चलता हैं तो दूसरा कर्मचारी 12 घण्टे चलता है इस प्रक...

दोस्तों यें हिंदी का मेरा पहला पोस्ट है मैं आशा करता हूँ की आपको ये पोस्ट बहुत पसंद आयेगा ? क्युकी मैं इसमें बहुत ही सरल और आसान शब्दों का उपयोग करूँगा | आपका समय जाया न करते हुए मैं अब ओ बताने जा रहा हूँ जिसके लिए आप इस पोस्ट पर आये हैं सबसे पहले मैं आपको बतादू की प्रोसेस का मतलब बिधि होता है जैसे आप कोई काम को करने के लिए एक-एक स्टेप को फॉलो करते हो उसी प्रकार इसमें काम होता है मै आपको एक और उदाहण से समझना चाहूंगा जैसे आप अपने घर के छत पर जाने के लिए सीढ़ी का उपयोग करते हो और उसमे आप सबसे पसले सबसे नीचे से चालू करते है और एक -एक सीढ़ी आगे बढ़ते हो उसी प्रकार कम्पनी में स्टेप से काम होता हैं मुझे आशा है आप आपको प्रोसेस का मतलब पता चल गया है आप हम लेआउट का मतलब समझते है लेआउट मतलब किसी भी चीज को इस प्रकार से रखें या फिक्स करे जिससे हमारे काम जगह लें और हम अपना अधिक काम कर सके तो सभी कम्पनी में ऐसे ही मशीन को नहीं लगते हैं मशीन लगाने से पहले कई एक्सपर्ट की सलाह लेते है और फिर उस हिसाब से मशीन लगते है जिसे हम लेआउट कह सकते हैं | प्रोसेस लेआउट  जिस प्रकार की इंडस्ट्री में अलग-...

The objective of demand forecasting is achieved only when forecast is made systematically and scientifically and when it is fairly reliable. The Following steps are generally taken to make systematic demand forecasting SPECIFYING THE OBJECTIVE DETERMINING THE TIME PERIOD SELECTING METHOD FOR DEMAND FORECASTING COLLECTION OF DATA & DATA ADJUSTMENT ESTIMATION & INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS SPECIFYING THE OBJECTIVE The objective or purpose of demand forecasting should be clearly specified. The objective may be in terms of  Short term or Long term Demand The overall demand for a product or for firm's own product The whole or only a segment of the market for its product Firm's market share The objective of demand forecasting should be determined before the process of forecast is started DETERMINING THE TIME PERIOD Depending on the firm's objective, demand may be forecast for short term i.e. for next 2-3 years or for a long period In de...

The factors which affects the supply of commodity is known as the determinants of market supply. They are: (1) PRICE OF THE PRODUCT Price is the most important determinant of supply. Other things remain constant with increase in price the supply increase and with decrease in price the supply decreases. (2) NATURAL FACTORS Natural factors like famines, floods, plant diseases, storms etc, affects adversely. The production of agricultural commodities and their market supply. Favorable climate factors like adequate and timely rain, favorable weather results in increasing agricultural output and their supply. Similarly earthquake, Tsunami, affects adversely to the production and supply of the product. (3) COST OD PRODUCT The cost of production and supply are negatively co-related. The cost of production due to increase in the price of raw material, taxes, other factors of production, this have adverse effect on production and supply of goods. The cost...

In ordinary sense, the term supply is taken to mean as the total output of a commodity with a producer or seller In economics: SUPPLY of a commodity refers to the various quantities which a seller is willing and able to sell at different price in a given market at a point of time, other things remaining the same. SUPPLY AND STOCK Stock is at the back of supply. It constitutes the potential supply on the other hand supply  means the actual quantity of a product which is effected of sale in the market at a certain price, place and time Example:  the wheat godsons are examples of stock. At certain price, the amount of wheat come into the market for sale is called supply. Those stock of commodity will transform (convert) into supply and vice-versa as the market price rises or falls. Seller reservation price affects the release of stock for supply in the market Seller reservation price means the minimum price fixed the seller to offer a part or whale of his stock of a...

LAW OF SUPPLY Statement :- The law of supply states that "other things remaining constant, more of a commodity is supplied at a higher price and less of commodity is supplied at a lower price" The law of supply states the functional relationship between the price of product and its supply The relationship  between supply of the product and its price is direct in future. Means if the price increases the supply increase and if the price decrease the supply will decrease. The elements of "the other thing remain same"  means that the determinate s  other then price of the product will remain same (Unchanged) SUPPLY SCHEDULE Meaning: The supply schedule is tabular representation of different quantities supplied at different price. By putting the quantity supplied at different price levels of commodity, We get supply schedule. Example Supply Schedule SUPPLY CURVE Meaning: When supply schedule represents diagrammatically. it is shows ...

The material handling equimpents are classified into four basic types Conveyors Cranes and Hoists Trucks and Auxiliary Equipments Conveyors: These are gravity or powered devices commonly used for moving loads from point to point or fixed paths. The various types of conveyors are: Belt Conveyor: Motor driver belt, usually made of rubberized fabric or metal fabric on a rigid frame Belt Conveyor Chain Conveyor: motor driver chain that drags materials along a metal slide base Roller Conveyor: Boxes, large parts or unit loads roll on top of a series of rollers mounted on a rigid frame. The rollers may be powered or unpowered Pneumatic Conveyor:  High volume of air flows through a tube, carrying materials along with the air flow. The other types of conveyors are bucket conveyor, screw conveyor, pipeline conveyor, vibratory conveyor, tub conveyor, trolley conveyor or gravity conveyors. Roller Conveyor Advantages of conveyors are that do not require...

Definition Material Handling: Material handling is defined as art and science of moving, packaging and sorting of materials in any form. Material Handling Principles Following are the seven material handling principles which provide a framework for selecting specific materials handling devices/ equipments. (1) Use simple patterns of material flow: Materials should move through the workstation in direct flow patterns, minimizing zigzagging or backtracking. (2) Keep moving: Related production processes should be kept in line as possible to provide direct material flow there by reducing material movement time. (3) Eliminate handling: The number of times each material is handled should be minimized. (4) Carry full loads: Mobile equipments should carry full loads all the time. (5) Mechanized material handling devices: Should be designed and located so that human effort is minimized. (6) Heavy and bulky materials: should be moved to the shortest distance d...

A layout essentially refers to the arranging and grouping of machine of machines which are meant to produce goods. Grouping is done on different lines. The choice of a particular line depends on several actions. The method of grouping and types of layout are: Process layout, functional layout or job layout; Product layout, line processing layout or flow line layout; Fixed position layout and static layout; Cellular manufacturing (CM) layout or Group Technology layout; Combination layout or hybrid layout. (1) Process Layout Also called the Functional layout, layout for job lot manufacturing or batch production layout, the process layout involves a grouping together of like machines in one department. For example: machines performing drilling operations are installed in the drilling departments; machines performing casting operations are grouped in the casting department and so on. In this way, there would be a heating department, painting depart...