Education Subject

LAW OF SUPPLY Statement :- The law of supply states that "other things remaining constant, more of a commodity is supplied at a higher price and less of commodity is supplied at a lower price" The law of supply states the functional relationship between the price of product and its supply The relationship  between supply of the product and its price is direct in future. Means if the price increases the supply increase and if the price decrease the supply will decrease. The elements of "the other thing remain same"  means that the determinate s  other then price of the product will remain same (Unchanged) SUPPLY SCHEDULE Meaning: The supply schedule is tabular representation of different quantities supplied at different price. By putting the quantity supplied at different price levels of commodity, We get supply schedule. Example Supply Schedule SUPPLY CURVE Meaning: When supply schedule represents diagrammatically. it is shows ...

The material handling equimpents are classified into four basic types Conveyors Cranes and Hoists Trucks and Auxiliary Equipments Conveyors: These are gravity or powered devices commonly used for moving loads from point to point or fixed paths. The various types of conveyors are: Belt Conveyor: Motor driver belt, usually made of rubberized fabric or metal fabric on a rigid frame Belt Conveyor Chain Conveyor: motor driver chain that drags materials along a metal slide base Roller Conveyor: Boxes, large parts or unit loads roll on top of a series of rollers mounted on a rigid frame. The rollers may be powered or unpowered Pneumatic Conveyor:  High volume of air flows through a tube, carrying materials along with the air flow. The other types of conveyors are bucket conveyor, screw conveyor, pipeline conveyor, vibratory conveyor, tub conveyor, trolley conveyor or gravity conveyors. Roller Conveyor Advantages of conveyors are that do not require...

Definition Material Handling: Material handling is defined as art and science of moving, packaging and sorting of materials in any form. Material Handling Principles Following are the seven material handling principles which provide a framework for selecting specific materials handling devices/ equipments. (1) Use simple patterns of material flow: Materials should move through the workstation in direct flow patterns, minimizing zigzagging or backtracking. (2) Keep moving: Related production processes should be kept in line as possible to provide direct material flow there by reducing material movement time. (3) Eliminate handling: The number of times each material is handled should be minimized. (4) Carry full loads: Mobile equipments should carry full loads all the time. (5) Mechanized material handling devices: Should be designed and located so that human effort is minimized. (6) Heavy and bulky materials: should be moved to the shortest distance d...

A layout essentially refers to the arranging and grouping of machine of machines which are meant to produce goods. Grouping is done on different lines. The choice of a particular line depends on several actions. The method of grouping and types of layout are: Process layout, functional layout or job layout; Product layout, line processing layout or flow line layout; Fixed position layout and static layout; Cellular manufacturing (CM) layout or Group Technology layout; Combination layout or hybrid layout. (1) Process Layout Also called the Functional layout, layout for job lot manufacturing or batch production layout, the process layout involves a grouping together of like machines in one department. For example: machines performing drilling operations are installed in the drilling departments; machines performing casting operations are grouped in the casting department and so on. In this way, there would be a heating department, painting depart...

Definition of material handling and its principle? Definition: Material handling is defined as art and science of moving, packaging and sorting of materials in any form. Material Handling Principles: Following are the seven material handling principles which provide a framework for selecting specific materials handling devices/equipments. 1) Use simple patterns of material flow: Materials should move through the workstation in direct flow patterns, minimizing zigzagging or backtracking. 2) Keep moving: Related production processes should be kept in line as far as possible to provide direct material flow, there by reducing material movement time.   3) Eliminate handling: The number of time each material is handled should be minimized. 4) Carry full loads: Mobile equipments should carry full loads all the time. 5) Mechanized material handling devices : should be designed and located so that human effort is minimized. 6) Heavy and bulky material...

Functions of Material Handling? 1) Storage & preservation Storage means keeping physical custody of material whereas preservation means keeping physical custody in such a way that quality & quantity of material remain intact. The design of ware-houses, storage facilities, racks, cup boards, crates, boxes and equipment's  needed for internal movement of material, etc. are important part of material handling. Material handling is concerned with safe storage of raw materials, finished stocks, by-products, work-in-progress inventories, scrap & wastage , etc. 2) Transportation The basic need of transportation of material arises because most manufacturing processes are made of multiple operations performed in the different & on different machines. This transportation need must be satisfied in such a way that it is done safely, economically & in timely manner. 3) Palletizing Palletizing can be understood as an activity of converting or assembling smal...

Factors Affecting Choice Of Plant Layout? The selection of a particular layout depends on a number of factors. Primarily, the layout is influenced by the relationship among materials, men and machinery. Other factors such as type of product, type of workers, type of industry and management policies also influences the layout. Some of the factors influencing layout are as follows: Materials: Every factory should buy raw materials economically when they are available; they should be stored properly and moved through production centers efficiently for manual or mechanical operations. The storage and movement of raw materials require properly places storage rooms and materials handling equipment . The type and size of storage room required also depend upon: The type of raw materials used, i.e. whether the raw materials are liquid or solid, light or heavy, small or large, and  The availability or scarcity of materials even when this is affected by seasonal variations and m...

Kinds of a letter? Broadly speaking, letters can be classified as personal and non-personal. PERSONAL LETTERS are informal and written to exchange news or to seek favors. Letter to relative and friends are personal letters. personal letters are written in a friendly, informal style. Business letter are non personal letters. KINDS OF BUSINESS LETTERS: For the sake of convenience we can divide business letters into the following kinds:  Enquiries and replies; Orders and their execution; Credit and status enquiries; Complaints and adjustments; Collection letters; Circular letters; Sales letters. Bank correspondence; Insurance correspondence; Import-export correspondence; Agency correspondence. Application letters; Interview letters, references, testimonials, letters of appointment, confirmation, promotion, retrenchment, resignation. The correspondence of a company secretary; Correspondence with State and...

Functions of a business letter? As l. Gartside puts it, there are four main reasons for writing business letters: 1. To provide a convenient and inexpensive means of communication without personal contact; 2. To seek or give information ; 3. To furnish evidence of transactions entered into; and 4. To provide a record for future reference . There is also an important incidental purpose that of building goodwill by creating in the mind of the reader an impression of the writer's organisation as one that is efficient, reliable and anxious to be of services. RECORD AND REFERENCE; With a view to maintaining record of communication with the outside. wold, the communication must be in writing. Written communication can be passed on to the concerned persons or department as it is. If, on the other hand, the mode of oral communication is adopted, the original communication may not be passed on in its totality as also in the same style and tone It may also involve wa...

Stages/process of plant site selection or factor affecting plant location While selecting a location for plant, an entrepreneur will have to proceed with the following steps 1 within the country or outside the country 2 Selection of the region 3 Selection of the community 4 Selection of the exact site 1.   Within the country or outside the country The first in plant location is to deside whather the facility should be lacated domestically or internationally. If the management decides on foreign location, the next logical step would be to decide upon a particular country for location. The choice of a particular country depends on factory like a)   Political stability of the country b)   Import and export regulations, c)   Currency and exchange rates, d)   Cultural and economic peculiarities, e)   Demand and age of population f)     Natural and physical conditions, etc 2.   Selection of the region T...